State Of Dev In Morocco 2023 🇲🇦

In December 2023, 1764 developers from Morocco 🇲🇦 told us about their jobs satisfaction, salaries, and community contribution, what they think about AI, which tools they're using, and what they want to learn next.

Overview

The fourth annual survey on Software Developers in Morocco offers valuable insights into the community and their professional paths. We included a new section on AI to explore its impact on Moroccan software developers and how they are adjusting to this trend.

This year’s results are particularly interesting as we can draw trends from previous years. Here are some selected takeaways:

  • 90% of survey participants have integrated AI tools into their professional routines

  • 60% of respondents have already begun learning AI or even started building AI projects.

  • JavaScript remains the most popular language, while Rust is the language most people want to learn.


Please take a deeper look at the sections below to discover more insights and share your feedback and suggestions.

A word about methodology

At our core, we value anonymity and as such, all collected data from the survey is anonymized. Raw results and the website code are also available under the BY-NC-SA 2.0 license on the GeeksBlaBla GitHub organization.

Please note that not all fields in the survey were mandatory, which may result in some results and graphics not reflecting the total number of respondents for every question.

We extend our heartfelt thanks to all our contributors and those who helped share the survey, and we eagerly await your feedback and for you to share the results with your network.

Finally, we express our gratitude to all participants who took the time to complete the survey. Your input is invaluable and we hope you find the results as interesting as we do.



Profile

The objective of this first section is to get insights into the profile and the skills of the people working in Software Engineering in Morocco. The majority of the people that answered the survey are men. Also, the majority of the respondents are junior developers with less than 3 years of experience and most of them are living in Morocco with plans to work abroad in the next 2 years.

Gender

As can be seen, the results are very similar to last year’s, where the majority of the respondents are men.

87.5%Male: 1543 (87.5%)12.5%Female: 221 (12.5%)
Male: 1543 (87.5%)
Female: 221 (12.5%)

Age

The majority of respondents are aged 18-24, mainly fresh graduates, junior developers, and last-year students. The second largest group includes individuals aged 25-34, with around 70 respondents being 35 years old or older.

18 to 24 years
55.5% - 979
25 to 34 years
39.5% - 696
35 to 44 years
3.5% - 61
Younger than 18 years
1.1% - 20
45 or older
0.5% - 8
Total: 1764

Location

Half of the people who filled out the survey are located in Casablanca-Settat or Rabat-Salé-Kénitra. Only 10% of respondents live abroad in Europe, the US, or other countries.

Casablanca-Settat
34.1% - 602
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
18.7% - 329
Marrakech-Safi
11.3% - 200
Europe
9.5% - 168
Tanger-Tétouan-Al Hoceïma
6.6% - 116
Souss-Massa
6.5% - 115
Fès-Meknès
4.4% - 78
L'Oriental
2.3% - 40
Béni Mellal-Khénifra
2.1% - 37
Drâa-Tafilalet
1.5% - 26
US & Canada
1.0% - 18
Others
0.8% - 14
Guelmim-Oued Noun
0.5% - 8
Middle East
0.3% - 5
Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra
0.2% - 4
Dakhla-Oued Ed Dahab
0.2% - 4
Total: 1764

Roles

Almost half of all respondents qualify themselves full-stack developers.

Full-stack developer
48.0% - 847
Back-end developer
12.9% - 228
Front-end developer
7.8% - 137
Data scientist or machine learning specialist
4.4% - 78
DevOps specialist
3.3% - 59
Mobile developer
3.2% - 56
Data engineer
3.0% - 53
Data/business analyst
2.4% - 42
Security specialist
2.1% - 37
IT specialist
1.5% - 26
ERP Consultant
1.2% - 21
Engineering manager
1.1% - 20
Academic researcher
1.0% - 18
QA/test Developer
1.0% - 17
Embedded applications/devices developer
0.9% - 15
System administrator
0.8% - 14
Site reliability engineer
0.8% - 14
Educator
0.7% - 13
Network engineer
0.7% - 13
Game/graphics Developer
0.5% - 9
Desktop applications developer
0.5% - 8
Designer
0.5% - 8
Product manager
0.5% - 8
Senior executive/VP
0.5% - 8
Marketing/sales professional
0.3% - 5
Scientist
0.2% - 4
Prompt engineer
0.2% - 4
Database administrator
0.1% - 2
Total: 1764

Highest degree

The results are very similar to last year’s results, The majority of the respondents have an equivalent of a Master’s degree. Followed by people who took 2/3-year training after their high school degree (BAC). Also, this year we have more self-taught respondents. Finally the percentage of respondents with a Ph.D. is still 1%.

54.4%Bac +5, Master’s degree (M.A., M.S., M.Eng., MBA, etc.): 960 (54.4%)31.3%Bac +2/+3, Bachelor’s degree (B.A., B.S., B.Eng., etc.): 552 (31.3%)12.8%Self-taught: 225 (12.8%)Bac +8, Other doctoral degree (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.): 27 (1.5%)
Bac +5, Master’s degree (M.A., M.S., M.Eng., MBA, etc.): 960 (54.4%)
Bac +2/+3, Bachelor’s degree (B.A., B.S., B.Eng., etc.): 552 (31.3%)
Self-taught: 225 (12.8%)
Bac +8, Other doctoral degree (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.): 27 (1.5%)

Years coding professionally

Like last year, more people have been coding for 1 to 2 years, followed by those with less than a year of coding experience.

1-2 years
29.6% - 523
Less than a year
24.6% - 434
3-4 years
17.7% - 312
I don't have any professional coding experience
12.8% - 225
5-6 years
7.9% - 139
7-10 years
4.1% - 73
11-16 years
2.6% - 45
16+ years
0.7% - 13
Total: 1764

Coding as a hobby

Coding is a hobby for the majority of the developers who participate in the survey.

Yes
77.6% - 1369
No
22.4% - 395
Total: 1764

Plans to work abroad

40% of the people who answered this question have plans to work outside Morocco in the next two years (16% in the next year). a decrease from last year’s by 6% from last year’s results and 8% from 2021.

Still hesitating
36.3% - 565
Yes, in the next 24 months
24.2% - 377
No
23.4% - 364
Yes, in the next 12 months
16.2% - 252
Currently working outside Morocco
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 1558
Still hesitating
32.4% - 467
Yes, in the next 24 months
26.2% - 378
No
21.5% - 310
Yes, in the next 12 months
19.8% - 286
Currently working outside Morocco
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 1441
Still hesitating
31.8% - 309
Yes, in the next 24 months
29.9% - 291
No
20.1% - 196
Yes, in the next 12 months
18.2% - 177
Currently working outside Morocco
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 973

Plans to come back to Morocco

Only 27% of people working abroad are not willing to come back to Morocco; other respondents either have plans or are still hesitating to return.

Yes
37.9% - 77
Still hesitating
34.5% - 70
No
27.6% - 56
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 203

Favorite drink

Coffee is the still favorite drink of developers, followed by water.

Coffee
37.5% - 662
Water
27.0% - 477
Tea
16.8% - 296
None
15.5% - 274
Other
1.8% - 32
Energy drinks
1.3% - 23
Total: 1764

Education and Learning

When discussing the educational system in Morocco, there are many aspects to consider. We gathered input from the community on their thoughts, opinions, learning sources, and possible solutions.

Additionally, the majority are studied in public universities and more than 61% of them consider themselves self-taught.

Studies

More than 62% of respondents studied at public universities, while we are starting to see an increase in the number of self-taught developers.

University / Public school
62.4% - 1046
Self-taught (no diploma or other field's diploma).
16.4% - 275
Coding schools (1337, YouCode, etc.)
11.2% - 188
Private school
6.3% - 105
Vocational School (bootcamps, technical skills ...)
2.0% - 33
Other
1.7% - 28
Total: 1675

Educational system

Even though we hear a lot of criticism about the educational system in Morocco, almost 60% of respondents agree that the educational system gives them the necessary skills to start their careers.

Enough to start
57.5% - 940
Not enough
39.5% - 647
Everything I needed
3.0% - 49
Total: 1636

Read/Written languages

Arabic, English and French are the top 3 languages that the majority of respondents can read/write.

Arabic
98.1% - 1644
English
97.1% - 1627
French
87.0% - 1458
Amazigh
20.9% - 350
Others
9.7% - 163
Total: 1675

Approximately 70% confirm that English is not a barrier for them to learn new technologies.

No
70.5% - 1181
Yes
29.5% - 494
Total: 1675

Content and learning platforms

More than 80% of all respondents identify the need for more Darija content in some form or another.

Both
50.0% - 837
Spoken
27.8% - 466
No
17.8% - 298
Written/Read
4.4% - 74
Total: 1675

YouTube’s educational resources are the preferred learning platform for the majority of the Moroccan community. This year, we also see a significant increase in the number of people starting to use AI tools for learning.

YouTube
85.3% - 1429
Official documentation
69.6% - 1166
Online Communities (StackOverflow/Reddit/Twitter)
57.6% - 964
AI Assistant (ChatGPT, etc)
57.3% - 959
Blog posts
49.3% - 826
Books
36.2% - 607
Paid platforms
30.8% - 516
Podcasts
24.2% - 406
Conferences (virtual/in-person)
19.3% - 323
Company resources
13.4% - 224
Others
4.4% - 73
Total: 1675

Work

Even though we hear about layoffs in the IT industry worldwide, the Moroccan IT industry is still growing. The demand for developers is increasing, and most developers have the chance to find a job right after their graduation.

Around 80% of Moroccan developers prefer working remotely, either full-time or part-time, and companies are starting to provide more options for remote work to their employees. Approximately 21% of all participants say they are students. Around 80% of respondents reported that they are somewhat happy with their current job.

Employment status

More than 60% of all respondents are employed, either full-time, part-time, or as freelancers. Almost 8% of respondents are looking for a job opportunity.

Full-time employee
53.5% - 766
Student
21.0% - 301
Looking for work
7.8% - 112
Freelancer/self-employed
7.7% - 110
Internship
5.8% - 83
Founder/entrepreneur
2.4% - 35
Part-time employee
1.7% - 24
Total: 1431

Working overtime

Over 24% of participants work 1-2 days of overtime per week. Is this driven by passion, dedication, or underestimated schedules?

Often: 1-2 days per week or more
23.6% - 280
Sometimes: 1-2 days per month but less than weekly
22.1% - 263
Never
20.9% - 248
Occasionally: 1-2 days per quarter but less than monthly
19.9% - 237
Rarely: 1-2 days per year or less
13.5% - 160
Total: 1188

Job satisfaction

Almost the same as last year with a 3% increase. Around 80% of respondents reported they are somehow happy with their current job. This is consistent with Stack Overflow’s own data on developers feeling happy with their jobs.

Slightly satisfied
36.2% - 413
Neither satisfied nor Unsatisfied
25.2% - 288
Very satisfied
21.2% - 242
Slightly Unsatisfied
10.8% - 123
Very Unsatisfied
6.7% - 76
Total: 1142
Slightly satisfied
32.6% - 322
Neither satisfied nor Unsatisfied
25.9% - 256
Very satisfied
21.9% - 216
Slightly Unsatisfied
13.6% - 134
Very Unsatisfied
6.0% - 59
Total: 987
Slightly satisfied
30.7% - 194
Neither satisfied nor Unsatisfied
27.3% - 172
Very satisfied
23.0% - 145
Slightly Unsatisfied
12.4% - 78
Very Unsatisfied
6.7% - 42
Total: 631
Slightly satisfied
30.8% - 477
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
27.2% - 421
Very satisfied
22.0% - 340
Slightly dissatisfied
10.9% - 169
Very dissatisfied
9.1% - 141
Total: 1548

Side projects

Nearly 70% of respondents engage in side projects to enhance their skills, knowledge, earn money, and invest in themselves.

Yes For learning
57.8% - 827
No
22.9% - 327
Yes For profit
19.4% - 277
Total: 1431

Unemployment after graduation

Over 60% of respondents found a job immediately after graduating, indicating that the IT sector in Morocco remains unaffected by global layoffs.

None, I worked straight after my graduation 😎
62.4% - 696
Up to 3 months
14.0% - 156
Up to 6 months
9.3% - 104
Up to 1 year
7.4% - 83
More than 1 year
6.9% - 77
Total: 1116

Salaries

We asked full-time contractors in Morocco(CDI) about their NET salary range per month in MAD is and here are the results by years of experience.

10 000 - 12 000
20.0% - 39
6 000 - 8 000
17.9% - 35
8 000 - 10 000
17.9% - 35
4 000 - 6 000
15.4% - 30
12 000 - 14 000
12.3% - 24
< 4 000
8.2% - 16
14 000 - 16 000
6.2% - 12
25 000 - 30 000
1.5% - 3
20 000 - 22 000
0.5% - 1
16 000 - 18 000
0.0% - 0
18 000 - 20 000
0.0% - 0
22 000 - 25 000
0.0% - 0
> 30 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 195
8 000 - 10 000
20.7% - 64
10 000 - 12 000
19.4% - 60
12 000 - 14 000
15.5% - 48
4 000 - 6 000
12.6% - 39
6 000 - 8 000
11.0% - 34
14 000 - 16 000
7.8% - 24
16 000 - 18 000
4.2% - 13
< 4 000
3.2% - 10
20 000 - 22 000
1.9% - 6
18 000 - 20 000
1.6% - 5
25 000 - 30 000
1.3% - 4
22 000 - 25 000
0.3% - 1
> 30 000
0.3% - 1
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 309
14 000 - 16 000
16.7% - 30
12 000 - 14 000
13.3% - 24
8 000 - 10 000
12.8% - 23
6 000 - 8 000
11.7% - 21
10 000 - 12 000
11.7% - 21
16 000 - 18 000
8.9% - 16
4 000 - 6 000
7.2% - 13
18 000 - 20 000
6.1% - 11
20 000 - 22 000
5.0% - 9
< 4 000
2.8% - 5
22 000 - 25 000
2.2% - 4
25 000 - 30 000
1.1% - 2
> 30 000
0.6% - 1
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 180
16 000 - 18 000
14.1% - 11
22 000 - 25 000
14.1% - 11
14 000 - 16 000
10.3% - 8
25 000 - 30 000
10.3% - 8
18 000 - 20 000
9.0% - 7
> 30 000
9.0% - 7
10 000 - 12 000
7.7% - 6
20 000 - 22 000
7.7% - 6
8 000 - 10 000
6.4% - 5
12 000 - 14 000
6.4% - 5
4 000 - 6 000
2.6% - 2
< 4 000
1.3% - 1
6 000 - 8 000
1.3% - 1
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 78
> 30 000
25.0% - 10
14 000 - 16 000
12.5% - 5
20 000 - 22 000
12.5% - 5
12 000 - 14 000
7.5% - 3
16 000 - 18 000
7.5% - 3
22 000 - 25 000
7.5% - 3
25 000 - 30 000
7.5% - 3
6 000 - 8 000
5.0% - 2
10 000 - 12 000
5.0% - 2
< 4 000
2.5% - 1
4 000 - 6 000
2.5% - 1
8 000 - 10 000
2.5% - 1
18 000 - 20 000
2.5% - 1
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 40
> 30 000
48.3% - 14
22 000 - 25 000
10.3% - 3
< 4 000
6.9% - 2
6 000 - 8 000
6.9% - 2
18 000 - 20 000
6.9% - 2
20 000 - 22 000
6.9% - 2
25 000 - 30 000
6.9% - 2
8 000 - 10 000
3.4% - 1
10 000 - 12 000
3.4% - 1
4 000 - 6 000
0.0% - 0
12 000 - 14 000
0.0% - 0
14 000 - 16 000
0.0% - 0
16 000 - 18 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 29

We asked freelancer in Morocco about their salary range per day in MAD(TJM) is and here are the results by years of experience.

< 1 000
42.9% - 3
1 500 - 2 000
42.9% - 3
2 000 - 2 500
14.3% - 1
1 000 - 1 500
0.0% - 0
2 500 - 3 000
0.0% - 0
3 000 - 4 000
0.0% - 0
4 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
> 5 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 7
< 1 000
50.0% - 10
> 5 000
20.0% - 4
1 000 - 1 500
10.0% - 2
1 500 - 2 000
10.0% - 2
2 000 - 2 500
5.0% - 1
4 000 - 5 000
5.0% - 1
2 500 - 3 000
0.0% - 0
3 000 - 4 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 20
1 500 - 2 000
33.3% - 6
< 1 000
22.2% - 4
2 500 - 3 000
22.2% - 4
2 000 - 2 500
16.7% - 3
1 000 - 1 500
5.6% - 1
3 000 - 4 000
0.0% - 0
4 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
> 5 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 18
1 500 - 2 000
33.3% - 7
2 000 - 2 500
19.0% - 4
3 000 - 4 000
19.0% - 4
2 500 - 3 000
14.3% - 3
< 1 000
9.5% - 2
> 5 000
4.8% - 1
1 000 - 1 500
0.0% - 0
4 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 21
2 500 - 3 000
50.0% - 4
< 1 000
12.5% - 1
2 000 - 2 500
12.5% - 1
4 000 - 5 000
12.5% - 1
> 5 000
12.5% - 1
1 000 - 1 500
0.0% - 0
1 500 - 2 000
0.0% - 0
3 000 - 4 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 8
2 500 - 3 000
37.5% - 3
3 000 - 4 000
37.5% - 3
1 500 - 2 000
12.5% - 1
> 5 000
12.5% - 1
< 1 000
0.0% - 0
1 000 - 1 500
0.0% - 0
2 000 - 2 500
0.0% - 0
4 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 8

We asked full-time contractor outside Morocco, Your gross salary range per year in USD is and here are the results by years of experience.

30 500 - 40 000
25.0% - 16
40 000 - 50 000
18.8% - 12
20 000 - 25 000
12.5% - 8
50 000 - 60 000
9.4% - 6
< 20 000
7.8% - 5
60 000 - 80 000
7.8% - 5
80 000 - 100 000
6.3% - 4
100 000 - 120 000
6.3% - 4
120 000 - 150 000
3.1% - 2
150 000 - 200 000
3.1% - 2
> 200 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 64
40 000 - 50 000
27.9% - 29
20 000 - 25 000
15.4% - 16
30 500 - 40 000
15.4% - 16
50 000 - 60 000
10.6% - 11
60 000 - 80 000
10.6% - 11
< 20 000
6.7% - 7
80 000 - 100 000
5.8% - 6
100 000 - 120 000
5.8% - 6
150 000 - 200 000
1.0% - 1
> 200 000
1.0% - 1
120 000 - 150 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 104
40 000 - 50 000
17.8% - 18
50 000 - 60 000
15.8% - 16
60 000 - 80 000
15.8% - 16
30 500 - 40 000
13.9% - 14
80 000 - 100 000
6.9% - 7
< 20 000
5.9% - 6
20 000 - 25 000
5.9% - 6
100 000 - 120 000
5.9% - 6
120 000 - 150 000
5.0% - 5
150 000 - 200 000
4.0% - 4
> 200 000
3.0% - 3
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 101
50 000 - 60 000
22.4% - 13
60 000 - 80 000
22.4% - 13
40 000 - 50 000
13.8% - 8
100 000 - 120 000
12.1% - 7
80 000 - 100 000
10.3% - 6
30 500 - 40 000
6.9% - 4
< 20 000
3.4% - 2
20 000 - 25 000
3.4% - 2
> 200 000
3.4% - 2
150 000 - 200 000
1.7% - 1
120 000 - 150 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 58
60 000 - 80 000
28.6% - 8
50 000 - 60 000
17.9% - 5
80 000 - 100 000
17.9% - 5
120 000 - 150 000
10.7% - 3
> 200 000
10.7% - 3
20 000 - 25 000
3.6% - 1
30 500 - 40 000
3.6% - 1
40 000 - 50 000
3.6% - 1
100 000 - 120 000
3.6% - 1
< 20 000
0.0% - 0
150 000 - 200 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 28
80 000 - 100 000
22.7% - 5
120 000 - 150 000
18.2% - 4
100 000 - 120 000
13.6% - 3
150 000 - 200 000
13.6% - 3
30 500 - 40 000
9.1% - 2
> 200 000
9.1% - 2
< 20 000
4.5% - 1
50 000 - 60 000
4.5% - 1
60 000 - 80 000
4.5% - 1
20 000 - 25 000
0.0% - 0
40 000 - 50 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 22

We asked freelancer outside Morocco, Your daily gross wage in USD is and here are the results by years of experience.

200 - 500
50.0% - 1
500 - 1 000
50.0% - 1
< 200
0.0% - 0
1 000 - 2 000
0.0% - 0
2 000 - 3 000
0.0% - 0
3 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
5 000 - 10 000
0.0% - 0
> 10 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 2
< 200
54.5% - 6
200 - 500
27.3% - 3
500 - 1 000
9.1% - 1
1 000 - 2 000
9.1% - 1
2 000 - 3 000
0.0% - 0
3 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
5 000 - 10 000
0.0% - 0
> 10 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 11
200 - 500
66.7% - 8
500 - 1 000
16.7% - 2
2 000 - 3 000
16.7% - 2
< 200
0.0% - 0
1 000 - 2 000
0.0% - 0
3 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
5 000 - 10 000
0.0% - 0
> 10 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 12
500 - 1 000
46.2% - 6
200 - 500
30.8% - 4
< 200
7.7% - 1
1 000 - 2 000
7.7% - 1
2 000 - 3 000
7.7% - 1
3 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
5 000 - 10 000
0.0% - 0
> 10 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 13
500 - 1 000
50.0% - 2
2 000 - 3 000
25.0% - 1
> 10 000
25.0% - 1
< 200
0.0% - 0
200 - 500
0.0% - 0
1 000 - 2 000
0.0% - 0
3 000 - 5 000
0.0% - 0
5 000 - 10 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 4
500 - 1 000
42.9% - 3
5 000 - 10 000
28.6% - 2
1 000 - 2 000
14.3% - 1
3 000 - 5 000
14.3% - 1
< 200
0.0% - 0
200 - 500
0.0% - 0
2 000 - 3 000
0.0% - 0
> 10 000
0.0% - 0
NOTE: Filters appliedTotal: 7

Choosing a job offer

Almost similar to last year, salary, technical stack, and remote work options are the top three motivators for Moroccan developers to consider a job offer. Unsurprisingly, remote work options rank third, ahead of company culture. Data shows that industry and work impact have the least weight in career decisions.

Salary
76.7% - 1097
Languages, frameworks, and other technologies I’d be working on
69.3% - 991
Remote work options
65.5% - 938
Office environment or company culture
63.5% - 908
Flexible time or schedule
60.8% - 870
Opportunities for professional development
57.5% - 823
Company paid training and certifications
29.8% - 427
The industry that I’d be working in
24.1% - 345
How widely used or impactful my work output would be
22.0% - 315
Total: 1431
Salary
72.7% - 949
Languages, frameworks, and other technologies I’d be working on
70.5% - 920
Remote work options
63.8% - 833
Office environment or company culture
62.7% - 818
Flexible time or schedule
58.9% - 768
Opportunities for professional development
54.2% - 707
Company paid training and certifications
31.0% - 405
The industry that I’d be working in
23.9% - 312
How widely used or impactful my work output would be
21.5% - 281
Total: 1305
Languages, frameworks, and other technologies I’d be working on
71.7% - 597
Salary
70.1% - 584
Office environment or company culture
60.9% - 507
Flexible time or schedule
54.0% - 450
Opportunities for professional development
53.5% - 446
Remote work options
51.7% - 431
The industry that I’d be working in
24.7% - 206
Company paid training and certifications
24.7% - 206
How widely used or impactful my work output would be
21.5% - 179
Total: 833
The current Pandemic did not impact my productivity
33.5% - 544
The current Pandemic somehow boosted my productivity
24.9% - 404
The current Pandemic somehow impacted negatively my productivity
18.7% - 304
The current Pandemic boosted very positively my productivity
13.7% - 222
The current Pandemic impacted very negatively my productivity
9.3% - 151
Total: 1625

Preferred Company size

Almost a split between medium and big companies; only 10% prefer companies with fewer than 10 employees.

Company above 100 employees
32.8% - 469
Company between 31 and 100 employees
24.0% - 343
Company between 11 and 30 employees
23.8% - 341
Self-employed
9.9% - 142
Company under 10 employees
9.5% - 136
Total: 1431

Agile software development methodology

More than 84% of respondents are using an agile software methodology and more than 64% of them are using scrum.

Scrum
66.9% - 797
None
16.9% - 201
Kanban
8.9% - 106
Other
6.0% - 72
XP
1.3% - 15
Total: 1191

Remote work

More companies are adopting remote work as almost 22% provide a full remote option and more than 55% of them provide a hybrid option to their employees.

Hybrid
55.7% - 623
Full remote
22.8% - 255
Back to office
21.5% - 241
Total: 1119
Hybrid
56.7% - 558
Full remote
27.5% - 271
Back to office
15.8% - 155
Total: 984
Hybrid
53.7% - 332
Full remote
26.2% - 162
Back to office
20.1% - 124
Total: 618

Similar to last year, more than 90% of respondents prefer remote work, either part-time or full-time.

Part-time remote/Hybrid
61.4% - 879
Full remote
30.6% - 438
From the office
8.0% - 114
Total: 1431
Part-time remote
53.6% - 700
Full remote
35.8% - 467
In the office
10.6% - 138
Total: 1305
Part-time remote
51.9% - 432
Full remote
33.5% - 279
In the office
14.6% - 122
Total: 833

Technology

JavaScript remains the most popular language and is loved by the Moroccan community, ahead of Java, Python, and PHP.

Rust is at the top spot for programming languages that developers want to learn next. Further down the list, we also see Python and TypeScript as the most wanted programming languages.

JavaScript
55.5% - 716
HTML/CSS 😉
41.3% - 533
TypeScript
33.6% - 433
Java
31.5% - 406
Python
27.5% - 355
SQL5
26.8% - 345
PHP
15.2% - 196
Bash/Shell/PowerShell
15.1% - 194
C#
7.1% - 92
C
6.3% - 81
Other
5.7% - 73
C++
5.4% - 70
Dart
2.6% - 34
Go
1.9% - 24
Kotlin
1.4% - 18
Rust
1.0% - 13
Ruby
0.9% - 12
Swift
0.9% - 11
VBA
0.8% - 10
R
0.7% - 9
Scala
0.6% - 8
Perl
0.3% - 4
Assembly
0.2% - 2
Objective-C
0.1% - 1
Haskell
0.1% - 1
Julia
0.0% - 0
Total: 1289
JavaScript
58.7% - 757
Python
44.1% - 569
Java
42.4% - 547
TypeScript
39.6% - 510
HTML/CSS 😉
35.6% - 459
SQL
35.2% - 454
PHP
20.0% - 258
C
18.2% - 234
Bash/Shell/PowerShell
18.1% - 233
C++
15.3% - 197
C#
11.6% - 149
Go
8.8% - 113
Rust
7.4% - 96
Other
6.0% - 77
Dart
5.9% - 76
Kotlin
4.0% - 52
Assembly
2.1% - 27
R
2.1% - 27
Ruby
1.7% - 22
Scala
1.6% - 21
Swift
1.5% - 19
VBA
1.4% - 18
Haskell
0.5% - 6
Julia
0.5% - 6
Perl
0.4% - 5
Objective-C
0.3% - 4
Total: 1289
Rust
29.9% - 386
Go
29.0% - 374
TypeScript
19.2% - 248
Python
18.3% - 236
Java
14.9% - 192
JavaScript
12.1% - 156
Kotlin
9.8% - 126
Other
9.0% - 116
Swift
8.5% - 109
Bash/Shell/PowerShell
7.9% - 102
C#
7.1% - 91
C++
6.6% - 85
Scala
6.5% - 84
Ruby
5.9% - 76
Dart
5.6% - 72
PHP
5.0% - 64
SQL
4.6% - 59
R
4.6% - 59
Assembly
3.6% - 47
HTML/CSS 😉
3.2% - 41
C
2.9% - 38
Haskell
2.3% - 30
Julia
1.2% - 15
Objective-C
1.1% - 14
Perl
1.1% - 14
VBA
0.6% - 8
Total: 1289

Front-end frameworks/libraries

As always, the famous library for front-end development is React.js. It remains the most loved and desired by the community, surpassing VueJs and Angular.

NextJS is the most wanted framework in the list in front of ReactJS and passing both VueJs, Angular and Svelte.

Htmx, Qwik, and Astro are getting more attention from the community this year.

React.js
55.4% - 558
Angular
26.7% - 269
Next.js
22.4% - 226
Vue.js
16.1% - 162
jQuery
15.9% - 160
Other
12.9% - 130
Angular.js
6.1% - 61
AstroJs
1.5% - 15
Svelte
1.3% - 13
Htmx
1.3% - 13
Alpine.js
1.1% - 11
Remix
1.1% - 11
Gatsby
1.0% - 10
Preact
0.6% - 6
Foundation
0.3% - 3
Solid.js
0.3% - 3
Qwik
0.3% - 3
Backbone.js
0.1% - 1
Ember.js
0.0% - 0
Total: 1008
Next.js
34.3% - 332
React.js
32.1% - 311
Angular
22.8% - 221
Vue.js
21.7% - 210
Svelte
13.8% - 134
Angular.js
13.5% - 131
Htmx
11.4% - 110
Qwik
9.4% - 91
Astro Js
6.8% - 66
Remix
6.3% - 61
Other
6.3% - 61
Solid.js
5.9% - 57
jQuery
4.4% - 43
Gatsby
2.8% - 27
Alpine.js
2.6% - 25
Preact
1.8% - 17
Ember.js
1.4% - 14
Foundation
0.7% - 7
Backbone.js
0.6% - 6
Total: 968

CSS frameworks

More than half of the respondents are using classic CSS frameworks like Bootstrap, Material UI, and Tailwind CSS is gaining more popularity in the community.

CSS Frameworks (Bootstrap, Material UI ...)
57.0% - 595
CSS
49.8% - 519
Tailwind CSS
47.1% - 491
CSS Preprocessor (Sass, Less ...)
21.4% - 223
CSS in JS (Styled Components, Emotion ...)
17.1% - 178
CSS Modules
7.7% - 80
Other
3.8% - 40
Total: 1043

Backend frameworks/libraries

The Java-based framework used to create a microservice, or what we call the Spring ecosystem, is the most popular backend framework used by the Moroccan community, ahead of Express.js, Laravel, Django and the .NET framework.

Spring is also the most wanted backend framework in the list, in front of Nest.js and Django.

Spring Ecosystem
32.8% - 343
Express.js
24.4% - 255
Laravel
18.8% - 197
Jakarta EE / Java EE
14.2% - 149
Django
12.2% - 128
Nest.js
11.5% - 120
.NET
10.9% - 114
Other
9.1% - 95
Flask
8.8% - 92
FastAPI
6.7% - 70
Symfony
6.3% - 66
Serverless technology (Vercel,Netlify...)
6.0% - 63
Serverless framework
4.5% - 47
Headless CMS (Strapi,KeystoneJS,Ghost ...)
3.0% - 31
Ruby on Rails
0.9% - 9
Quarkus
0.8% - 8
Micronaut
0.4% - 4
Sails.js
0.1% - 1
Sinatra
0.0% - 0
Total: 1047
Spring Ecosystem
25.5% - 245
Nest.js
21.2% - 204
Django
20.5% - 197
.NET
16.0% - 154
Express.js
15.5% - 149
Serverless framework
13.2% - 127
Laravel
11.6% - 111
FastAPI
10.5% - 101
Flask
10.1% - 97
Jakarta EE / Java EE
10.0% - 96
Serverless technology (Vercel,Netlify...)
9.7% - 93
Other
8.2% - 79
Symfony
7.5% - 72
Quarkus
6.5% - 62
Ruby on Rails
6.5% - 62
Headless CMS (Strapi,KeystoneJS,Ghost ...)
5.3% - 51
Micronaut
3.6% - 35
Sinatra
0.4% - 4
Sails.js
0.4% - 4
Total: 961

Platforms and tools

Node.js has taken the lead as the most used platform, surpassing Docker and JVM.

Developers are increasingly interested in learning deployment, scaling, and management skills, with Kubernetes being the most wanted platform and tool, surpassing Docker, Node.js, and React Native.

Node.js
44.6% - 575
Docker
41.0% - 528
JVM
25.8% - 333
PHP
17.8% - 230
Other
15.4% - 199
Kubernetes
14.3% - 184
Pandas
10.3% - 133
.NET
8.7% - 112
Terraform
6.8% - 88
React Native
6.7% - 87
TensorFlow
6.7% - 86
Flutter
5.4% - 70
Configuration Management(Ansible, Puppet...)
3.9% - 50
Apache Spark
3.9% - 50
GraalVM
1.9% - 25
Bun Js
1.7% - 22
Unity 3D
1.1% - 14
Xamarin
0.7% - 9
Cordova
0.6% - 8
Deno Js
0.3% - 4
Total: 1289
Kubernetes
37.3% - 481
Docker
26.8% - 345
Node.js
16.4% - 211
React Native
14.7% - 190
Other
14.1% - 182
Terraform
14.0% - 180
Flutter
11.9% - 153
TensorFlow
10.1% - 130
.NET
9.5% - 122
Apache Spark
8.9% - 115
GraalVM
8.6% - 111
Configuration Management(Ansible, Puppet...)
8.2% - 106
Bun Js
8.2% - 106
JVM
7.1% - 91
Unity 3D
5.9% - 76
PHP
5.5% - 71
Pandas
5.1% - 66
Deno Js
3.8% - 49
Xamarin
1.9% - 25
Cordova
0.9% - 11
Total: 1289

Primary operating systems

As always Windows is Still the most Primary Os that most Moroccan developers use

Windows
45.6% - 588
MacOS
20.9% - 269
Linux-based
17.6% - 227
Windows + WSL2
15.9% - 205
Total: 1289
Windows
53.2% - 651
MacOS
18.2% - 223
Linux-based
18.2% - 222
Windows + WSL2
10.4% - 127
Total: 1223
Windows
47.7% - 359
Linux-based
22.5% - 169
MacOS
21.1% - 159
Windows + WSL2
8.6% - 65
Total: 752

IDE & Code Editors

Unsurprisingly, VSCode is the most used code editor same as last year, More than 80% of respondents use it to write their code. Jetbrains IDEs are second by 35% and only 12% are Vim users.

VS Code
81.1% - 1045
Jetbrains (IntelliJ, PhpStorm, Resharper ...)
40.6% - 523
Vim
12.0% - 155
Other
7.1% - 92
Notepad++
6.7% - 87
Eclipse
6.6% - 85
Sublime
3.5% - 45
Cloud based IDE
1.9% - 25
Netbeans
1.2% - 16
Atom
0.3% - 4
Total: 1289

Learning New Technologies

Our industry is always evolving. The Moroccan IT community is aware of this and striving to keep up with the pace.

That’s what we see here, people learn new Technologies every few months, and 31% of respondents are learning new Technologies once a year.

Every few months
40.0% - 516
Once a year
34.6% - 446
Once every few years
19.5% - 251
Once a decade
5.9% - 76
Total: 1289

How do you solve problems?

Despite the increasing use of AI in the tech industry, individuals continue to rely on Google as their primary source for problem-solving. This year, there is a noticeable shift toward using AI Assistants over StackOverflow.

Google it
91.2% - 1175
Ask ChatGPT or other AI assistants
81.1% - 1045
Dig in StackOverflow
65.7% - 847
Watch help/tutorial videos
38.9% - 501
Call a coworker or friend
31.0% - 399
Do other work and come back later
30.0% - 387
Total: 1289

Deployment environment

In software deployment, an environment, or tier is a computer system or set of systems in which a computer program or software component is deployed and executed. That’s why most of the developers use public cloud providers, like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform to deploy their applications, and other ones use on-premise servers.

Public cloud (AWS/Azure/GCP/Oracle/IBM/etc.)
65.1% - 583
On-premise
26.7% - 239
Hybrid Cloud
14.1% - 126
Managed PaaS (heroku, app platform, Salesforce, AWS Beanstalk ...)
11.5% - 103
Shared hosting
9.6% - 86
Total: 896
Public cloud (AWS/Azure/GCP/Oracle/IBM/etc.)
63.9% - 492
On-premise
22.5% - 173
Managed PaaS (heroku, app platform, Salesforce, AWS Beanstalk ...)
15.2% - 117
Hybrid Cloud
14.0% - 108
Shared hosting
13.2% - 102
Total: 770

Cloud Providers

A cloud platform refers to the operating system and hardware of a server in an Internet-based data center. It allows software and hardware products to co-exist remotely and at scale.

Moroccan techs use mostly AWS as the first choice beside Azure and other Cloud providers.

AWS
43.5% - 379
Azure
26.9% - 234
None
16.6% - 145
GCP
11.8% - 103
Other cloud providers
11.1% - 97
DigitalOcean
9.0% - 78
Oracle Cloud
5.9% - 51
Other Moroccan Cloud providers
3.7% - 32
IBM Cloud
2.5% - 22
Total: 871
AWS
42.9% - 341
Azure
27.6% - 219
None
14.9% - 118
DigitalOcean
13.1% - 104
GCP
12.7% - 101
Other cloud providers
11.6% - 92
Oracle Cloud
7.8% - 62
IBM Cloud
5.0% - 40
Other Moroccan Cloud providers
3.4% - 27
Total: 794

Database

A production database contains the data you are using for production tasks such as creating and updating features. This year, PostgreSQL surpasses MySQL/MariaDB as the most used database.

PostgreSQL
46.6% - 488
Mysql/MariaDB
44.5% - 466
MongoDB
29.5% - 309
SQL Server
24.2% - 254
Oracle Database
19.1% - 200
Redis
12.1% - 127
Other
7.3% - 77
DynamoDB
3.4% - 36
Neo4j
2.1% - 22
Apache Cassandra
1.5% - 16
CosmosDB
1.0% - 10
BigTable
0.7% - 7
Total: 1048
Mysql/MariaDB
44.8% - 419
PostgreSQL
39.8% - 372
MongoDB
30.5% - 285
SQL Server
25.9% - 242
Oracle Database
21.8% - 204
Redis
9.8% - 92
Other
7.3% - 68
DynamoDB
3.3% - 31
Apache Cassandra
2.5% - 23
Neo4j
2.1% - 20
CosmosDB
2.0% - 19
BigTable
0.5% - 5
Total: 935
Mysql/MariaDB
35.9% - 270
PostgreSQL
29.7% - 223
MongoDB
24.6% - 185
SQL Server
21.9% - 165
Oracle Database
15.3% - 115
Redis
8.5% - 64
Other
5.5% - 41
DynamoDB
1.7% - 13
Apache Cassandra
1.6% - 12
Neo4j
0.9% - 7
CosmosDB
0.8% - 6
BigTable
0.5% - 4
Total: 752

AI

AI is a hot topic in all the tech communities around the world. This year, we included a new section on AI to explore its impact on Moroccan software developers and how they are adjusting to this trend.

Moroccan software developers are embracing the AI age. They are learning AI and starting to build AI projects.

Usage and Learning

Over 91% of survey participants have integrated AI tools into their professional routines, with half of them relying on such technologies on a daily basis.

Daily
50.3% - 684
Occasionally
40.9% - 556
Tried them but not interested
6.5% - 88
Never
2.3% - 31
Total: 1359

The third of the respondents are not interested in learning AI, while 60% of respondents have already begun learning AI or even started building AI projects.

Already started learning the basics.
38.3% - 520
No, I am not interested
35.3% - 480
I can build simple apps with AI using third-party APIs.
18.0% - 244
I can build complex apps and play with models.
6.4% - 87
I am already an expert
2.1% - 28
Total: 1359

ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot are highly popular AI tools among Moroccan software developers. Over 90% of respondents use ChatGPT, while 35% use GitHub Copilot.

ChatGPT
95.4% - 1291
GitHub Copilot
35.6% - 482
Bard (Google)
33.5% - 453
Grammarly
24.0% - 325
DALL-E (OpenAI)
13.8% - 187
Midijourney
11.7% - 158
Other
10.3% - 139
Notion AI
9.5% - 129
QuillBot
6.1% - 82
Claude (Anthropic)
2.2% - 30
Coby.ai
1.6% - 21
Total: 1353

Most developers are using OpenAI’s models for their AI projects.

OpenAI (GPT)
58.3% - 754
Other
24.7% - 319
TensorFlow
20.6% - 267
PyTorch
18.6% - 241
Scikit-Learn
17.4% - 225
Keras
13.6% - 176
Hugging Face
12.8% - 165
Llama
8.9% - 115
LangChain
8.7% - 113
Weights & Biases
2.5% - 32
AWS Bedrock
2.4% - 31
Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit
2.3% - 30
IBM Watson
2.3% - 30
Mistral
1.4% - 18
PyBrain
1.3% - 17
Together.ai
1.0% - 13
Unstructured
0.8% - 10
Haystack
0.7% - 9
Caffe
0.5% - 7
Humanloop
0.2% - 3
Total: 1294